YEAR 8 & 9 LAC P.E. SEPTEMBER
HEALTH & FITNESS

1.          HEALTH  -  A state of mental, physical and social wellbeing.

2.          FITNESS  -  Being able to carry out everyday tasks comfortably.

2.          EXERCISE  -  Physical activity or exertion for health and fitness.

3.          TRAINING  -  The programme of exercise you undertake to improve your ability.

4.          HEART RATE  -  The number of times the heart beats per minute.

YEAR 8 & 9 LAC P.E. OCTOBER
COMPONENTS OF FITNESS

1.          SPEED  -  The ability to move as quickly as possible from one place to another.

2.          STAMINA  -  The ability to work for as long as possible before fatigue sets in.

3.          STRENGTH  -  The ability of a muscle or group of muscles to overcome a resistance (weight).

4.          SUPPLENESS / FLEXIBILITY  -  The range of movement around a joint.

5.          SOMATOTYPE / BUILD  - Type of build you have.

YEAR 8 & 9 LAC P.E. NOVEMBER
DIET

1.          CARBOHYDRATES  -  These are broken down to glucose to provide fast release energy.  Contained in starchy foods, such as rice, bread and pasta.

2.          PROTEINS  -  Provides the fabric for most of the soft tissues.  A good protein intake is essential for growth and repair.  (Fish, chicken, red meat).

3.          FATS  -  These contain a lot of energy that can be stored for slow-release energy.  Two types, saturated contained in butter, cheese and cream (bad), Polyunsaturated contained in nuts, fish and many seeds (good).

4.          FIBRE  -  Fibre is indigestible plant material, which gives the gut something to push on, and therefore helps to avoid constipation.

YEAR 8 & 9 LAC P.E. DECEMBER
BODY TYPES

1.          ENDOMORPH  -  Short and fat with a tendency to gain fat.  They have short legs in relation to their trunks. (Sumo Wrestlers).

2.          MESOMORPH  -  The body is a basic Y shape with broad shoulders and a narrow waist.  They have long arms and lightweight legs.  (Sprinter)

3.          ECTOMORPH  -  Quite short with thin waist and shoulders, small head and long neck.  (Horse racing jockey).

* Not all people fall into these categories but are generally a mixture of the three.

YEAR 8 & 9 LAC P.E. JANUARY
PRINCIPLES OF TRAINING

1.          SPECIFICITY  -  Any type of training must be specific to the physical activity or sport you are training for.

2.          OVERLOAD  -  This is making the body work harder that is normally does in order to improve it.

3.          PROGRESSION  -  The training you are doing and particularly the amount of overload, must be increased steadily.

4.          REVERSIBILITY  -  Just as progression can lead to an improvement, if you either stop or decrease the training you go into reverse and loose the effect.

YEAR 8 & 9 LAC P.E. FEBRUARY
THE SKELETON – FUNCTIONS OF THE SKELETON

1.          SUPPORT  -  It is the framework around which the human body is made.  It supports all of the muscles etc.

2.          PROTECTION  -  The skeleton provides a protective cover.  The skull protects the brain and the ribs protect the heart and the lungs.

3.          MOVEMENT  -  Where two or more bones meet there is a joint and this is where movement occurs. e.g. the elbow.

4.          SHAPE  -  As their basic framework of our bodies, the skeleton gives us our shape.

5.          BLOOD CELL PRODUCTION  -  Red and white blood cells are produced in the bore marrow.

YEAR 8 & 9 LAC P.E. MARCH
THE MUSCLES

1.          VOLUNTARY  -  These make up the majority of the muscles in our body.  They are under our control, e.g. biceps.

2.          INVOLUNTARY  -  These are muscles not under our control, e.g. the intestines.

3.          CARDIAC  -  These muscles work automatically and constantly, e.g. the heart.

YEAR 8 & 9 LAC P.E. APRIL
THE BLOOD

1.          RED BLOOD CELLS  -  Carries haemoglobin which carries oxygen.   

2.          WHITE BLOOD CELLS  -  Fights infection by attacking foreign cells in the body.

3.          PLATELETS  -  Causing clotting when a person begins to bleed.  Halts bleeding.

4.          PLASMA  -  Straw in colour and carries nutrients (food) to the muscles and cells of the body.

YEAR 8 & 9 LAC P.E. MAY
HEART

1.          HEART  -  The muscle of the body that pumps blood around the body.

2.          HEARTBEAT  -  One contraction and relaxation of the heart.

3.          HEART ATTACK  -  When the heart muscle is starved of oxygen due to a blockage.  Causes severe pain and sometimes death.

4.          PULSE RATE  -  The rate per minute at which the heart beats.